Machine Learning (ML)

Machine learning (ML) is the practice of training a system on examples so it can make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed for each case. Rather than a developer writing every rule, an ML model infers the rules statistically from data - and the more representative the data, the better it generalizes to new inputs.

Nearly all of today's AI, including the large language models behind chat assistants and agents, is machine learning at scale: very large models trained on very large datasets. ML is the starting point for reasoning about how these systems behave, what they cost to run, and where they need governing.